Inner Strength, Outer Strength: Tarot Key 8 Through a Masonic Lens

illustration of the Strength Tarot Card

Written by Nick Hoffmann

I was not anticipating that Key 8 would be the next subject of this series of articles; in fact, my initial Tarot studies found it hardest to grasp.  The design of this Key is rather stark – we go from the rich imagery of Key 7, with its chariot, starry canopy, contrasting sphinxes, and armored figure to a rather typical landscape, a red lion, a garland of roses, and a white-robed woman.  It took me some time to consider its importance, despite the fact that Tarot experts like Bro. Paul Foster Case specifically highlighted this Key as having particularly deep significance. 

Likewise, in writing on the Tarot, Robert Wang remarked “few…might even suspect that this picture of a woman with a lion could have such vast meaning.”  Inspiration comes from many sources, and my thoughts and impressions on this Key finally came together as I was discussing leonine imagery in an entirely different context with a friend of mine.  After my conversation with her, several conclusions came to mind.

First, the symbol of the lion is certainly a familiar one to Masons the world over.  Master Masons know that “there is yet strength in the Lion of the Tribe of Judah.”  The lion is traditionally a symbol of courage, and, while in our ritual, the Grand Master Hiram Abiff is described as being of the tribe of Naphtali, his story certainly is an example of leonine moral courage and self-control.  Given its color and its flowing mane, the lion is a solar symbol – the Zodiac sign of Leo is a sun sign and is often linked to the cardinal direction of the South, and, once again, in Masonry, Hiram is associated with the South again where the “sun…at meridian height is the beauty and glory of the day.”

Yet, it is somewhat paradoxical that this symbol of natural strength is being tamed or controlled by a rather petite woman and with gentle gestures.  Depending on one’s interpretation, she is either able to pull the lion’s jaws open or prevent them from closing with her hands, while the cordon of roses around her also acts as a “leash” keeping the lion near her.  However, a closer look at Key 8 in relation to other Keys will make this symbolism a bit clearer.

illustration of the Strength Tarot Card

When arranged in three rows, the Keys have a relationship with each other.  Key 8 is placed directly below Key 1 (the Magician), and it is easy to see their shared attributes.  They both display their central figures on a yellow background, they both feature the lemniscate (sideways number 8, or symbol for infinity) above their figures’ heads, and even the garments worn by the figures are similar (white robes, with red accents – red outer robe for the Magician, red rose garland for the woman in Key 8).  More deeply, Key 1 is said to represent the attribute of concentration or focus, while Key 8 symbolizes the control one should have over one’s baser instincts.  It only is intuitive that the concentration displayed by the Magician is a similar manifestation of the self-discipline displayed in Key 8.  If we can concentrate our thoughts effectively and prevent our minds from wandering, we have a tool we can use to control ourselves so that we respond to pressures in a positive manner.

Even if the Mason internalizes the lessons of this Key, he is still very much a work in progress.  Strength over one’s passions is a necessary attribute to gain along one’s journey, but it does not mean the journey is over, as evidenced by the purple mountain peak in the background of the Key.  Much like in other Keys, mountains or hills represent a final goal or destination, or at least a sub-goal along the way.  We cannot successfully navigate the Path without self-control, but self-control is not sufficient in and of itself. 

Another aspect of this Key which merits further contemplation is its association with the Hebrew letter Teth (ט) meaning “snake.”  In many esoteric traditions, the serpent is a symbol of power, particularly dormant power that requires control before it can be used, like the Kundalini force of the Hindu tradition.  Bro. Case also sees this “coiled, fiery power” as the Astral Light, symbolized as a coiled serpent, and equivalent not just to Kundalini, but to the Fohat of the Theosophists.  He likewise sees its control by mental means as the central point of esoteric teaching.    

The red lion as depicted in this Key also has a history in the symbolism of alchemy.  There, the red lion is associated with the final stage of the process of transmutation, that of rubedo or reddening.  Some effort, some power has already gone into the Great Work to get it to this final stage, where it can be considered “tame” and perfected.  Once again, Bro. Case associates the red lion with subhuman forces, which are controlled by the subconscious (the woman on the Key), which are in turn directed by the self-conscious – if we tame this lion, we discover the “secret of strength,” one we can use for the betterment of ourselves and those around us.      

As you can see, this seemingly-simple Key has layers of meaning, and reflection on it can remind us of some profound lessons.  Masons are taught to “circumscribe our desires and keep our passions within due bounds towards all mankind,” keeping our fierce animal nature tamed and harnessed by self-control and concentration.  Note that the lion is still there, and we – like Hiram in our Masonic legend – will still need to rely upon its strength and courage when we need to, provided we concentrate it the right way.  In the end, we are reminded that sometimes true strength comes from within, and that by having a strong inner control of our passions we are enabled to make our rough ashlars ever smoother regardless of the challenges life presents us.    

By Nicholas Hoffmann

Nicholas Hoffmann is a 32° Freemason, Knight Templar, and a member of Chandler-Thunderbird Lodge No. 15 in Chandler AZ, and Black Mountain Lodge No. 845 in San Diego, CA, where he served as Master in 2022. He is also active in both York and Scottish Rites, and is an avid student of Western Esotericism via BOTA and Ordo Hermeticus Mysteriorum. Raised in Pittsburgh, PA and a graduate of Carnegie Mellon University (BA, Philosophy and European Studies; MA, Philosophy), Nick’s passions also include history philosophy, theology, genealogy, and heraldry. Currently commanding the Navy’s Phoenix recruiting district covering much of the southwest, he is a career Surface Warfare Officer with service in multiple ships and afloat staffs, and has written about naval matters in addition to Masonic and esoteric themes.

Bibliography
  1. Wang, Robert.  The Qabalistic Tarot: A Textbook of Mystical Philosophy.  Stamford, CT: US Games Systems, 2019.  p. 203-204.
  2. Grand Lodge of Arizona.  Arizona Masonic Ritual.  Phoenix: Grand Lodge of Arizona, 2023.  p.140.
  3. Ibid, p.103.

  4. See my reflection on Key 9, the Hermit.

  5. Case, Paul Foster.  The Book of Tokens: Tarot Meditations.  Los Angeles: Builders of the Adytum, 1989. p.95.

  6. Case, Paul Foster.  The Tarot: A Key to the Wisdom of the Ages.  New York: Jeremy Tarcher-Penguin, 2006. p.103.

  7. Case, Paul Foster.  Ibid, p.106-108.

  8. Grand Lodge of Arizona, Ibid, p.117.

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